This edited volume contains a selection of chapters that are an outgrowth of the - ropean Conference on Mathematical and Theoretical Biology (ECMTB05, Dresden, Germany, July 2005). The peer-reviewed contributions show that mathematical and computational approaches are absolutely essential for solving central problems in the life sciences, ranging from the organizational level of individual cells to the dynamics of whole populations. The contributions indicate that theoretical and mathematical biology is a diverse and interdisciplinary ?eld, ranging from experimental research linked to mathema- cal modeling to the development of more abstract mathematical frameworks in which observations about the real world can be interpreted, and with which new hypotheses for testing can be generated. Today, much attention is also paid to the development of ef?cient algorithms for complex computation and visualisation, notably in molecular biology and genetics. The ?eld of theoretical and mathematical biology and medicine has profound connections to many current problems of great relevance to society. The medical, industrial, and social interests in its development are in fact indisputable.

Cellular Biophysics.- Multiparticle Direct Simulation of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Processes.- Selective Regulation of Protein Activity by Complex Ca2+ Oscillations: A Theoretical Study.- Phase Separation in Eukaryotic Directional Sensing.- Protein Domains of GTPases on Membranes: Do They Rely on Turings Mechanism?.- In Vitro Tubulogenesis of Endothelial Cells: Analysis of a Bifurcation Process Controlled by a Mechanical Switch.- Nonexponential Time Distributions in Biocatalytic Systems: Mass Service Replacing Mass Action.- Regulatory Networks.- A Stochastic Model of Gene Regulation Using the Chemical Master Equation.- Piecewise-Linear Models of Genetic Regulatory Networks: Analysis of the Carbon Starvation Response in Escherichia coli.- Predicting Gene Expression from Combined Expression and Promoter Profile Similarity with Application to Missing Value Imputation.- Chemical Organizations in the Central Sugar Metabolism of Escherichia coli.- Transition Networks: A Unifying Theme for Molecular Simulation and Computer Science.- Development.- Pigmentation Pattern Formation in Butterfly Wings: Global Patterns on Fore- and Hindwing.- Agent-Based Model for Developmental Pattern Formation with Multiscale Dynamics and Varying Cell Geometry.- Bacterial Swarming Driven by Rod Shape.- Stability Properties of Some Tissue-Growth Models.- A Modified Backward Euler Scheme for Advection-Reaction-Diffusion Systems.- Biomedical Applications.- Fractional Transport of Cancer Cells Due to Self-Entrapment by Fission.- Mathematical Modelling of Vascular Tumour Growth and Implications for Therapy.- A Stochastic Model of Glioblastoma Invasion.- Morphology of Tumor Vasculature A Theoretical Model.- A Mathematical Model of the Cell Cycle and Its Circadian Control.- Bone Turnover CycleModel with a Torus-Like Steady State.- Modelling the Early Stages of Atherosclerosis.- Magnetic Nanoparticles for In Vivo Applications: A Numerical Modeling Study.- Fluid Transport in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Mathematical Model and Numerical Solutions.- Relevance of Intracellular Replication to the Evolution of Chagas Disease.- A Finite Volume Spatial Discretisation for Taxis-Diffusion-Reaction Systems with Axi-Symmetry: Application to Fracture Healing.- Information Content Toward a Neonatal Disease Severity Score System.- Data Analysis and Model Validation.- Statistical Analysis and Physical Modelling of Oligonucleotide Microarrays.- Validation of Human Alternative Splice Forms Using the EASED Platform and Multiple Splice Site Discriminating Features.- Gaussian Mixture Decomposition of Time-Course DNA Microarray Data.- SVD Analysis of Gene Expression Data.