This book describes the international effort to give order to colours and thus facilitate communication about it, two topics deemed essential to a modernising world that were also recognizably complex. Expert essays will enhance readers' understanding of the struggle to coordinate nature with art at a time when approaches to both were undergoing rapid change. Ordering Colours shows how such seemingly trivial concerns as identifying the basic colours and disseminating appropriate colour diagrams had to meet philosophical, scientific and professional needs across Europe. Contributors detail the many schemes for colour systematization and their real-world applications; questions of concern to both academic- and manufacturing-focused investigators throughout the long 18th century. They bring together original research and new thinking about landmark early modern studies to address important developments as well as neglected historical contributions of European arts, sciences, and economies. This collection is an important addition to the libraries of all who are interested in public culture and manufacturing developments in the early modern period and is aimed at historians of art, technology, philosophy and physics.

Tanja C. Kleinwächter studied history of science and technology as well as gender studies (Technische Universität and Humboldt Universität Berlin). Currently she is a PhD candidate at the Dept. for History of Science, TU Berlin. She was part of the project The Order of Colours. Colour Systems and Colour Reference Systems in 18th Century Europe, funded by German Research Foundation. Before embarking on the PhD she undertook research on Christian Friedrich Prangens der Weltweisheit und freyen Künste Magister Farbenlexicon (Interdisciplinary Centre for European Enlightenment Studies, MLU Halle,) as well as on Circles, Triangles, and Tables: European Colour Systematization in Science, Economy, and Art from ca 1720 to ca 1810 (Dept. of History of Science, TU Berlin). Sarah Lowengard is a historian of technology and sciences whose research focuses on practical and philosophical engagements with colour in the early modern West: Her special expertise is the materials sciences of material culture in the 18th century. An artisan colourmaker and art conservator as well as an award-winning historian, Lowengard resides in New York City. Friedrich Steinle is Professor of History of Science at Technische Universität Berlin. His research focuses on the history and philosophy of experiment, on the history of colour research, the history of electricity, and on the dynamics of scientific concepts. His books include Newtons Manuskript De gravitatione (1991) and Exploratory Experiments. Ampère, Faraday, and the origins of electrodynamics (2016). He is coeditor of Scientific concepts and investigative practice (2012, with U. Feest), Colour Histories. Science, art, and technology in the 17th and 18th centuries (2015, with M. Bushart) and of Die Farben der Klassik (2016, with M. Dönike and J. Müller-Tamm).